FILTRATION TECHNIQUES

 

Filtration, the technique accustomed to separate solids from liquids, is that the act of running a combination onto a membrane (filter paper) that permits the passage of liquid (the filtrate) and ends up in the gathering of the solid. 2 filtration techniques square measure usually utilized in chemical separations generally chemistry lab: "gravity" filtration and "vacuum" filtration.

 

Gravity Filtration

 

Gravity filtration uses a polythene or glass funnel with a stem and paper. the paper will have pore sizes starting from a little too massive to allow slow to quick filtering. The paper is collapsable in 0.5 then collapsable in quarters, and therefore the tip of 1 corner is torn off to permit for a cozy slot in the funnel cone. (If the paper has been pre-weighed, the torn corner piece should be saved to feature to the post-filter advisement to avoid any errors.) The paper cone is fitted to the funnel therefore 3 thicknesses of the paper line simple fraction of the cone and one thickness lines the other 0.5. currently place the funnel into a beaker and wet the paper fully Open paper cone and line funnel take away corner. Save corner if the paper has been weighed. Fold the paper in 0.5 Fold paper in quarters the way to Fold the paper with the dominant solvent or solvents within the mixture to be filtered. This step adheres the paper to the funnel walls preventing solids from escaping. Then, support the funnel with a clamp Filtration Techniques Revised 8/6/12 a pair of or ring (if necessary) and place a clean beaker below the funnel that the stem rests against the aspect of the beaker (this prevents splattering). Before filtering, enable most of the solid within the mixture to settle. currently pour the supernatant liquid (the liquid standing over the solid during a mixture) through the filter 1st. this can enable the important part of the filtration to proceed fast and will stop impeding of the filter. to forestall splattering pour the liquid down a glass rod.